High-temperature turbomachine



HIGH-TEMPERATURE TURBOMACHINE Filed March 16, 19.45

@gij 36H5@ 29 2 Sheets-Sheet l April I12, ma

w. TRAUPEL 2,467,168

HIGH-TEMPERATURE TURBOMACHINE Filed March 1,6, 1945 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 l NVE N TOR.

DE. WALTER Tempel..

Patented Apr. 12, 1,949

Walter Tunnel, Winterthur, Switzerland, asllgnor to Sulzer Frres. Socit Anonyme, Winterthllr, Switlerland Application Match 16, 1945, Serial N0. 583,163

l In Swltlerllnd Jul! 5, 1944 1' claim. (ci. 25a-ss) This invention relates to turbo-machines and in particular to such machines operated by a high temperature working medium and constructed to include at least one stationary interstage division wall supported in the machine by guide blades. The invention consists in that the-wall is divided into at least four sectors,

The invention stems from the discovery that inthe guide blades which carry the division walls considerably higher peak stresses arise when the walls are divided, according to common practice, into two half discs only, than when they are divided into at least four sectors. The explanation of this unexpected phenomenon is to -be sought in the fact that, when the walls are dvided into two halves, the centre ocr the pressure loading on each half disc ris so unfavourably placed with regard to the guide blades that, on account of the resulting undulating distortion of the half walls, some of the blades are loaded in a direction contrary to the loading of the others. As a result of the differently directed bending stresses Winch thus present themselves in 'the individual blades, maximum stresses arising in particular blades may take on inadmissibly high values.

The disadvantage described is at once eliminated as proposed in the invention, the division wall is divided up into at least four sectors. The distribution of the bending stress over the guide blades carrying the single sectors then becomes so nearly uniform that each of the blades is subjected to stressing of approximately the same force and always in the same direction. Abnormally high loading of single blades is thus prevented.

It is expedient for the sectors of the division wall to be so designed that the edges in contact with each other are capable of mutual displacement. Such edges may, for instance, engage with each other by means of tongues and grooves. The guide blades may be connected to the sectors of the division wall either by riveting or by welding.

One embodiment of the invention-is illustrated in simplified form in the drawinS, in which;

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section through the complete turbo-machine;

Fig. 2 is a cross-section on the line II-II of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a cross-section on the line III-lII 0f Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a perspective of a group of guide blades with attached division wall sector and intermediate piece;

Fig. 5 is a perspective of one of the wall sectors; and

Fig. 6 is a perspective of one of the intermediate pieces.

Referring now to Figs. 1 and 2, the casing of the turbo-machine consists of two parts I and 2 which are held together with the aid of the flanges 3 and 4. The working medium ows to the casing through the-pipe 5 and is led of! again through the pipe 6. At the two ends of the machine the lower part I of the casing carries the bearings 1 and 8, in which the rotor 9 lies. The' shaft 6' and the discs 1', l' and 9' of the rotor are made in one piece by forging and subsequent machining. To the discs 1', 8' and 9' are attached the rotor'. blading sets I0, Il and I2.

Between the sets of rotor blades are the guide blade sets I3 and I4, which carry the division walls I5 and I6 respectively. Each wall is divided 'into six U-shaped sectors 25, as illustrated particularly in Figs.2, 4 and 5. Each of the six sectors making up the division wail I5, for example, is held by seven of the guide blades I3. Each guide blade carries at its innen end a rivet I9 by means of which the attached sector of the division wall, in the form of a hollow body, is connected to it.

The radial edges il of these sectors, which are in contact with each other, are so formed that I they are capable of mutual displacement. As

shown in Figs. 3, 4 and 5, the tongues I8 are insertable in the spaces 30 and bridge the spaces of the adjacent sectors 25. As shown in Fig. 2, the several wall sectors 25 are substantially identical, but assembly is facilitated if the intermediate pieces 20 are constructed so that one sector carries two tongues I8, one sector, none, and all the rest of the sectors, one. In this way a gastight seal is provided in which the edge of the one sector can be displaced relatively to the edge of the other sector, for instance when the wall is bent or expands from heating.

When the division walls are manufactured the guide blades are first attached by riveting to the U-shaped body of the wall sectors. Next the body of the sector is partly closed by an intermediate piece 20 which is attached by the rivets 2|. Part of the intermediate piece 20. which projects beyond the edge I'I of the sector, thm forms the tonguel. The feet 28 of the blades are inserted in groovesof the casing 29 and held by the caulking rings 22, 23. The inner peripheral surfaces of the intermediate pieces 20 have V-shaped grooves 3| cut therein VAwhich form a 3 sort of labyrinth packing for the space between the rotor and the intermediate pieces.

Instead o! riveting the blades to the division wall sectors. these might also be welded to the 4 division wall comprising at least iour sectors, and intermediate members connected to each such sector with means thereon forming interconnecting slip Joints between the adjacent secsectors. In pninciple turbines or pumps or comtors.

pressors may be manufactured as proposed in the invention. The inventionv offers special advantages inv` machines fom` hot working medium in which the division walls are particularly heavily stressed.

I claim:

In turbo-machines for operating at high temperatures, the improvement which comprises a housing, several rows of guide blades fixed at their exterior peripheries to the housing, a. rotor 15 1,293,564

comprising at least two discs with a row of blades on each such disc arranged downstream from a row o! said guide blades, a. space between eaach pair of adJacent discs inward of a row of guide blades, an annular divisin wall in each such space Number out oi.' contact with the rotor and attached at its outer .periphery solely to the guide blades, said nnr'mnNcEs crrnn The following references are of record in the ille oi this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,070,309 Vauclain Aus.- 12, 1913 Rice Mar. 25, 1919 1,641,665 Devaud Sept. 6, 1927 2,350,309 Dahlstrand May 30, 1944 FOREIGN PATENTS Country Date 26,088

Great Britain July 18, 190'? 

